Which extra-legal issue must be considered when deciding to use force?

Considering the proximity of bystanders is crucial when making the decision to use force because it directly relates to the principles of public safety and the potential for collateral damage. Law enforcement officers must be aware of their surroundings and the presence of innocents who could be harmed if force is applied. The risk of injury to bystanders can not only affect the immediate situation but can also lead to legal repercussions for the officer and the department. Ensuring that the decision to use force prioritizes the safety of the public reflects the ethical obligation of law enforcement to protect citizens, thus making awareness of bystander proximity a key factor in such determinations.

While the type of weapon used, weather conditions, and time of day are certainly important considerations, they do not have the same direct and immediate implications for the safety of bystanders as proximity does. Decisions concerning weapon choice might impact the level of force applied or its effectiveness, and weather conditions could influence operational capabilities. Meanwhile, the time of day could affect visibility and situational awareness, but the immediate concern during any use of force is always the potential risk to third parties nearby.