Which case established the requirement for reading a subject their rights prior to an interrogation?

The requirement for reading a subject their rights prior to an interrogation is established in the case of Miranda v. Arizona. This landmark decision was made by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1966, which determined that individuals in police custody must be informed of their rights to an attorney and against self-incrimination before any questioning occurs. This is commonly referred to as "Miranda rights." The ruling was aimed at protecting the Fifth Amendment rights of individuals, ensuring that they are aware of their rights to avoid coercive interrogation practices.

The other cases listed do not pertain to the requirement of reading rights before interrogation. Gideon v. Wainwright addressed the right to counsel, but not in the context of custodial interrogation. Roe v. Wade dealt with the right to privacy in matters of reproductive choice, and Powell v. Alabama, while important in discussing the right to counsel, did not specifically address the Miranda warning requirements established in Miranda v. Arizona.